Human brain theory

ISBN 978-3-00-068559-0

Monografie von Dr. rer. nat. Andreas Heinrich Malczan

List of figures

Figure 1: Rope ladder nervous system          9

Figure 2: Body and neural tube - mapping topology 11

Figure 3: Theoretical model of the nervous system 23

Figure 4: The breakdown of modalities        32

Figure 5: Splitting the visual modalities       35

Figure 6: Signal divergence and signal convergence in the cortical floor   41

Figure 7: Response categories of individual cortical cells   44

Figure 8: The inputs from both eyes converge in V1 of the monkey.         44

Figure 9: Cable equation for markless fibres 46

Figure 10: Excitation propagation in the plane - seen from the side           47

Figure 11: Excitation propagation in the plane - seen from above  48

Figure 12: Divergence module for colour vision red-green 54

Figure 13- Firing rates in the vertical divergence module   57

Figure 14: Brightness module           63

Figure 15: Coding of the direction of movement by active neuron populations     68

Figure 16: Original quantities u and v in the Cartesian coordinate system 70

Figure 17: Linear and plane divergence module in comparison      71

Figure 18: Plane divergence module with four input neurons         71

Figure 19: Radius vector t as a function of x and y - seen from the side     77

Figure 20: Radius vector t as a function of x and y - seen from above        78

Figure 21: Original size w as a function of x and y - seen from the side     78

Figure 22: Original size w as a function of x and y - seen from above        79

Figure 23: Chord length at the circle 84

Figure 24: Change in tendon length with parallel displacement to itself    84

Figure 25: Calculating the chord length on the circle          85

Figure 26: Derivation of the formulas for the chord length of receptive fields       86

Figure 27: Arrangement of four ganglion cells in the Cartesian coordinate system            87

Figure 28: Four cortical output neurons in the brightness module with lateral signal superimposition         89

Figure 29: Angle of attack Phi of a straight line as a function of x and y - seen from the side     95

Figure 30: Angle of attack Phi in the brightness module with lateral signal overlay - seen from above         96

Figure 31: Brightness module with spatial signal propagation        99

Figure 32: Calculation of the chord length for a receptive field of a ganglion cell 100

Figure 33: Arrangement of four ganglion cells in the Cartesian coordinate system            101

Figure 34: Four cortical output neurons in the brightness module with spatial signal propagation    103

Figure 35: Derivation of the length of the radius vectors for the brightness module with spatial signal propagation      104

Figure 36: Focus module - simplified representation          119

Figure 37: Basal ganglia module and its circuitry for motor signals           126

Figure 38: Divergence and convergence in the cortical floor          133

Figure 39: Convergence module for the red-green colour module with vertical signal propagation    136

Figure 40: Fire rates vertical convergence module  138

Figure 41: Fire rates vertical divergence module     138

Figure 42: Linking divergence modulus and convergence modulus with lateral signal superposition  140

Figure 43: Primitive nucleus olivaris with the mean area of the projection to the future pontocerebellum.       147

Figure 44: Periodic inhibition of mean climbing fibre signals by the striatum       151

Figure 45: Climbing fibre signals in the pontocerebellum - basic appearance        151

Figure 46: Cluster group in the cortex          153

Figure 47: Structure of a cluster of neurons in the cortex    154

Figure 48: Cerebellum and inverse cerebellum - basic circuitry     172

Figure 49: Basic structure of the hippocampus using the example of a moss fibre 176

Figure 50: Principle of signal rotation in the limbic system according to A. Malczan, 2013    177

Figure 51: The integration of new submodalities into the old rope ladder nervous system            182

Figure 52: The three subsystems of the brain: primary, secondary and tertiary system            192

Monograph of Dr. rer. nat. Andreas Heinrich Malczan